Posted at Film Comment:
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Dear Mr. Taylor
You set the tone of your review of Faya Dayi with this phrase, in the first paragraph:
"In cahoots with the editing and sound design, the heavy monochromatic images cloak Ethiopia
in a hazy, dreamlike aura that's foundational to the film's tone and point of view."
And in the following paragraph, you ask:
"Does the gorgeousness of the imagery actually serve the film, or is it too loaded down to carry its
own weight? How much movie truly lies underneath all this black and silver? Well..."
I believe you are asking about form and content, the perennial choice that all artists must make with their work,
and which they must decide takes precedence, or whether to weigh them both equally.
Beshir chose form over content. Or more precisely, she chose to camouflage content with form.
The "hazy, dreamlike aura" hides this content, which you adroitly describe: "There isn't much structure
connecting one scene or testimony of Faya Dayi to the next..." And "...Beshir's style doesn't really facilitate the
sort of portraiture she's aiming for..."
Beshir uses khat as a subject, a protagonist, that leads and guides the direction of the film, but whose "haze"
hides the truth of these Oromo youth. For example, the young man who wants to go to Egypt has no game plan,
and khat becomes his crutch, his "co-actor," as the drug he takes to avoid the reality, the content, of his life.
And Beshir also uses this khat as a stylistic, cinematic metaphor, to hide from us, the viewers, the content and
reality behind her film. She films as though she herself is under the chewable spell of this drug, and it is likely
that she took khat as part of her filming process.
Khat causes devastation, but it also produces the spiritual Sufi high, and it provided her (literally, possibly, but
certainly cinematically) the form with which she can shoot and produce this film, whose main protagonist, as
I said earlier is khat, but perhaps khat's merkhanna might be more precise.
She cannot full-on discuss the devastation that the khat crop produces for this Harari-Oromo Ethiopians,
since khat is after all part of the merkhanna, the spiritual high, that is sought after by the regional Sufi-Harari
Muslims. This film should have centred directly on this agricultural devastation, rather than weave through
"spirituality" and mekhanna, through khat.
Khat thus becomes the distinguishing object, the"Sufiness," and the merkhanna upon which this film rest
it laurels.
But what is Beshir hiding, what is she camouflaging?
Of course, more directly, it it the devastating, life-destroying drug that has become the life of these
Harari-Oromo youth.
But Beshir is also projecting a political angle, and a strong one. The Harari-Oromo youth,
through oppression, governmental neglect, and poverty, are forced to give up other cash crops like coffee
in order to grow this substance for their livelihood, and their energy-inducing chanting calls
(mimicking religious chants) gives them the rhythmic, and spell-binding, strength to harvest their currency.
And of course, through the haze of her cinematography, it is not clear which government, which export route,
and what kind of neglect.
Once Beshir starts to clearly answer, or present, these issues, then her khat thesis of the oppressed, neglected,
and devastated Oromo youth falls apart.
Beshir is talking about the governments previous to this one, whose current leader is Abiy Ahmed Ali,
a 2020 Nobel Peace Prize winner, whose father is Oromo-Muslim (and mother an Orthodox Christian Amhara -
and he himself grew up a Christian, and married an Amhara Christian wife), and who was born in the Jimma
region of the Oromo province.
Previous to PM Abiy Amhed Ali, Ethiopia was run by two successive, vicious, Marxist governments.
The first was installed after massacres of hundreds of thousands of Ethiopian, of all ethnicities, as the
Emperor Haile Selassie, the emperor who stood his ground against fascist Mussolini's invasion, was deposed
in the early 1970s. Decades of rule under Mengistu Haile Mariam, the Communist head of state of Ethiopia
until he was removed by another group of hard-core Marxists in 1991. This second group also spared
no lives to further their totalitarian regime.
PM Abiy was a young man when he became an officer and joined forces to oust this second regime.
He eventually went on to become a re-elected leader of Ethiopia (Ethiopian elections were completed
just last year).
During both these eras of Communist rule, through manufactured famines, mass executions, perpetual states
of emergency, and innumerable non-trial arrests, Ethiopians still endured. But, these totalitarians saved no
person, had mercy on no-one. Oromo, Amhara, Tigray, and a host of smaller ethnic groups received the same
harsh treatment under the self-installed "judicial" system of these post-Haile Selassie, and pre-Abiy Ahmed,
leaders.
This is the back story Beshir's camera cannot tell you, which Beshir will not tell you.
She theretofore picks up a pet project - khat - which she remembers her grandmother harvesting in her garden
as she practiced her Sufi incantations - and projects it into the lives of these Oromo youth, upon whose poverty,
and whose backs, she builds her cinematographically hazy images, from her smart, Brooklyn apartment,
gathering monies and grants from a host of "sympathetic" agencies, and screening her films in
art-house film festivals, who profess support for oppressed peoples of the world, in the pop-corn outfitted
theatres, in air-conditions auditoriums.
And, here is, I believe, her end goal. Her film, and her picking at these sores and frustrations, could instigate
enough anger in her "oppressed" Oromo youth, that they may be ready to pick up whatever sticks, stones
and few gunpowder, to start their own "revolution" for "freedom." And these Western audiences would shower
their support, their concern, and their editorial opinions. Faya Dayi becomes/is a reference manual.
Beshir is evasively active in numerous Oromo liberation groups - through Facebook, Twitter, and through her
meetings/screenings of her film Faya Dayi, and other films she's done to date, namely one titled Hariat on the
hyena in Harar, in the US and now in Canada. She will never openly present this, since there would be too much
negative reaction, especially from her funders, and especially from her viewing public.
Her film gives her some validity in the eyes of those who publicly pronounce this liberation movement, and acts
as a documented reference for future activities, and actions. They can cut through the form in Faya Dayi, andget at its content.
One other thing Beshir won't dwell upon is her use of "Ethiopian" as she describes her identity. She calls
herself Mexican-Ethiopian.
She shows no love for Ethiopia, and uses that word opportunistically, as she uses those devastated youth of
Harar, to gain access into world view, and to be recognized (and noticed). Mexican-Oromo doesn't cut it.
And if she were really sincere, she would simply call herself "Oromo" and return to the land which she
left as a teen-ager, and make amends. Opening up a drug rehabilitation centre would be one way.
And PM Abiy, through his Ethiopian First commitment, has already started khat-rehabilitation projects for
these youth. Beshir already has the place to go, where her Faya Dayi prize money might stand a chance.
I will be watching her next subversive, elusive, moves, as I suggest you do too.
I commend you for understanding the elusive nature of this documentary.
Sincerely,
Kidist Paulos Asrat
Art and Commentary by Kidist Paulos Asrat
https://artandcommentarybykidist.blogspot.com/p/ethiopias-elections-strong-and-united.html